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013b095fa2 |
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@
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then for any $x \in F$ and $t > 0$,
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then for any $x \in F$ and $t > 0$,
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\begin{align*}
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\begin{align*}
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\phi(x + tx_0) &= \phi(x) + t\lambda = t\braks{\phi(t^{-1}x) + \lambda} \\
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\phi_{x_0, \lambda}(x + tx_0) &= \phi(x) + t\lambda = t\braks{\phi(t^{-1}x) + \lambda} \\
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&\le t\braks{\rho(t^{-1}x + x_0) - \phi(t^{-1}x) + \phi(t^{-1}x)} \\
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&\le t\braks{\rho(t^{-1}x + x_0) - \phi(t^{-1}x) + \phi(t^{-1}x)} \\
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&= t\rho(t^{-1}x + x_0) = \rho(x + tx_0) \\
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&= t\rho(t^{-1}x + x_0) = \rho(x + tx_0) \\
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\phi(x - tx_0) &= \phi(x) - t\lambda = t\braks{\phi(t^{-1}x) - \lambda} \\
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\phi_{x_0, \lambda}(x - tx_0) &= \phi(x) - t\lambda = t\braks{\phi(t^{-1}x) - \lambda} \\
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&\ge t\braks{\rho(t^{-1}x - x_0) + \phi(t^{-1}x) - \phi(t^{-1}x)} \\
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&\ge t\braks{\rho(t^{-1}x - x_0) + \phi(t^{-1}x) - \phi(t^{-1}x)} \\
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&= t\rho(t^{-1}x - x_0) = \rho(x - tx_0)
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&= t\rho(t^{-1}x - x_0) = \rho(x - tx_0)
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\end{align*}
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\end{align*}
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@@ -29,9 +29,16 @@
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\begin{definition}[Unital Homomorphism]
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\begin{definition}[Unital Homomorphism]
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\label{definition:banach-algebra-unital-homomorphism}
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\label{definition:banach-algebra-unital-homomorphism}
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Let $A, B$ be unital Banach algebras and $\phi: A \to B$ be a homomorphism, then $\phi$ is a \textbf{unital homomorphism} if $\phi(1) = 1$.
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Let $A, B$ be unital Banach algebras and $\phi: A \to B$ be a homomorphism, then $\phi$ is a \textbf{unital homomorphism} if $\phi(1_A) = 1_B$.
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\end{definition}
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\end{definition}
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\begin{definition}[Representation]
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\label{definition:banach-algebra-representation}
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Let $A$ be a Banach algebra, then a \textbf{representation} of $A$ is a pair $(E, \pi)$ where $E$ is a Banach space, and $\pi: A \to L(E; E)$ is a continuous homomorphism.
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\end{definition}
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\begin{definition}[Unitisation]
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\begin{definition}[Unitisation]
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\label{definition:unitisation}
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\label{definition:unitisation}
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Let $A$ be a Banach algebra over $\complex$, and $\tilde A = \complex \oplus A$ with
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Let $A$ be a Banach algebra over $\complex$, and $\tilde A = \complex \oplus A$ with
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@@ -54,4 +54,24 @@
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The above setup implies that for every $y \in \ol{\Phi(A)} \cap B_{sa}$, there exists $z \in A_{sa}$ such that $\norm{y - \Phi(z)}_{B} \le \norm{y}_B/2$, and $\norm{z}_A \le 2\norm{y}_B$. By the \hyperref[method of successive approximations]{theorem:successive-approximation}, $\phi(A_{sa}) = \ol{\Phi(A)} \cap B_{sa}$. Therefore $\Phi(A) = \ol{\Phi(A)}$.
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The above setup implies that for every $y \in \ol{\Phi(A)} \cap B_{sa}$, there exists $z \in A_{sa}$ such that $\norm{y - \Phi(z)}_{B} \le \norm{y}_B/2$, and $\norm{z}_A \le 2\norm{y}_B$. By the \hyperref[method of successive approximations]{theorem:successive-approximation}, $\phi(A_{sa}) = \ol{\Phi(A)} \cap B_{sa}$. Therefore $\Phi(A) = \ol{\Phi(A)}$.
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\end{proof}
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\end{proof}
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\begin{definition}[Representation of $C^*$-Algebra]
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\label{definition:representation-cstar-algebra}
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Let $A$ be a $C^*$-algebra, then a \textbf{representation} of $A$ is a pair $(H, \pi)$, where $H$ is a Hilbert space, and $\pi: A \to B(H)$ is a *-homomorphism.
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\end{definition}
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\begin{definition}[Unitary Equivalence]
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\label{definition:representation-unitary-equivalent}
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Let $A$ be a $C^*$-algebra and $(H_1, \pi_1), (H_2, \pi_2)$ be representations of $A$, then $(H_1, \pi_1)$ and $(H_2, \pi_2)$ are \textbf{unitarily equivalent} if there exists an isometry $U \in L(H_1; H_2)$ such that the following diagram commutes
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\[
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\xymatrix{
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H_1 \ar@{->}[r]^{U} \ar@{->}[d]_{\pi_1(x)} & H_2 \ar@{->}[d]^{\pi_2(x)} \\
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H_1 & H_2 \ar@{->}[l]^{U^*}
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}
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\]
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for all $x \in A$.
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\end{definition}
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