Housekeeping.
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@@ -34,60 +34,6 @@ The following is a slight generalisation of one form of the above example, but s
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Let $A$ be a $C^*$-algebra, $S, T \subset A$ be operator systems, and $\phi: S \to T$. If there exists $x \in A$ such that $\phi(s) = x\phi(s)x^*$ for all $s \in S$, then $\phi$ is completely positive.
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\end{proposition}
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\begin{proposition}
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\label{proposition:completely-positive-norm}
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Let $A, B$ be $C^*$-algebras with $A$ being unital, $S \subset A$ be an operator system, and $\phi: S \to B$ be a completely positive map, then
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\[
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\norm{\phi}_{\text{cb}} = \norm{\phi}_{L(S; B)} = \norm{\phi(1_A)}_B
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\]
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\end{proposition}
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\begin{proof}
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After taking a \hyperref[unitisation]{proposition:c-star-unitisation}, assume without loss of generality that $B$ is unital.
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It is sufficient to show that $\norm{\phi}_{\text{cb}} \le \norm{\phi(1_A)}_B$. To this end, let $T \in M_n(S)$ with $\norm{T}_{M_n(S)} \le 1$, then
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\[
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\begin{bmatrix}
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1_{M_n(A)} &T \\
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T^* &1_{M_n(A)}
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\end{bmatrix} \ge 0
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\]
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in $M_{2}(M_n(S)) = M_{2n}(S)$ by \autoref{lemma:norm-matrix-test}. Since $\phi$ is completely positive,
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\[
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\phi_{2n}\begin{bmatrix}
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1_{M_n(A)} &T \\
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T^* &1_{M_n(A)}
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\end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix}
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\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)}) &\phi_n(T) \\
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\phi_n(T)^* & \phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})
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\end{bmatrix} \ge 0
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\]
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First suppose that $\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})$ is invertible, then
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\begin{align*}
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\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)}) &\le \normn{\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})}_{M_n(B)} \cdot 1_{M_n(B)} \\
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1_{M_n(B)} &\le \normn{\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})}_{M_n(B)} \cdot \phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})^{-1} \\
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\normn{\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})}_{M_n(B)}^{-1} &\le \phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})^{-1}
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\end{align*}
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By the \hyperref[Schur complement condition]{proposition:schur-complement-positive},
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\begin{align*}
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\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)}) &\ge \phi_n(T)\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})^{-1}\phi_n(T)^* \\
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&\ge \normn{\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})}_{M_n(B)}^{-1}\phi_n(T)\phi_n(T)^* \\
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\normn{\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})}_{M_n(B)}^2 &\ge \normn{\phi_n(T)\phi_n(T)^*}_{M_n(B)} = \normn{\phi_n(T)}_{M_n(B)}^2
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\end{align*}
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and $\normn{\phi_n(T)}_{M_n(B)} \le \normn{\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})}_{M_n(B)}$. Therefore $\norm{\phi}_{\text{cb}} \le \normn{\phi(1_A)}_B$.
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Now suppose that $\phi$ is an arbitrary completely positive map. Let $\psi \in S(A)$ be a state and $\eps > 0$, then $\phi + \eps 1_B\psi$ is also a completely positive map. In which case,
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\[
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\norm{\phi}_{\text{cb}} \le \inf_{\eps > 0}\norm{\phi + \eps1_B\psi}_{\text{cb}} \le \inf_{\eps > 0}\norm{\phi(1_A) + \eps 1_B}_B = \norm{\phi(1_A)}_B
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\]
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\end{proof}
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\begin{proposition}
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\label{proposition:commutative-mn-facts}
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Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff space, then:
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@@ -180,7 +180,58 @@
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\end{proof}
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% Omitted
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\begin{proposition}
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\label{proposition:completely-positive-norm}
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Let $A, B$ be $C^*$-algebras with $A$ being unital, $S \subset A$ be an operator system, and $\phi: S \to B$ be a completely positive map, then
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\[
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\norm{\phi}_{\text{cb}} = \norm{\phi}_{L(S; B)} = \norm{\phi(1_A)}_B
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\]
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\end{proposition}
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\begin{proof}
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After taking a \hyperref[unitisation]{proposition:c-star-unitisation}, assume without loss of generality that $B$ is unital.
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It is sufficient to show that $\norm{\phi}_{\text{cb}} \le \norm{\phi(1_A)}_B$. To this end, let $T \in M_n(S)$ with $\norm{T}_{M_n(S)} \le 1$, then
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\[
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\begin{bmatrix}
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1_{M_n(A)} &T \\
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T^* &1_{M_n(A)}
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\end{bmatrix} \ge 0
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\]
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in $M_{2}(M_n(S)) = M_{2n}(S)$ by \autoref{lemma:norm-matrix-test}. Since $\phi$ is completely positive,
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\[
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\phi_{2n}\begin{bmatrix}
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1_{M_n(A)} &T \\
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T^* &1_{M_n(A)}
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\end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix}
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\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)}) &\phi_n(T) \\
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\phi_n(T)^* & \phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})
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\end{bmatrix} \ge 0
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\]
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First suppose that $\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})$ is invertible, then
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\begin{align*}
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\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)}) &\le \normn{\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})}_{M_n(B)} \cdot 1_{M_n(B)} \\
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1_{M_n(B)} &\le \normn{\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})}_{M_n(B)} \cdot \phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})^{-1} \\
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\normn{\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})}_{M_n(B)}^{-1} &\le \phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})^{-1}
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\end{align*}
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By the \hyperref[Schur complement condition]{proposition:schur-complement-positive},
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\begin{align*}
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\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)}) &\ge \phi_n(T)\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})^{-1}\phi_n(T)^* \\
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&\ge \normn{\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})}_{M_n(B)}^{-1}\phi_n(T)\phi_n(T)^* \\
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\normn{\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})}_{M_n(B)}^2 &\ge \normn{\phi_n(T)\phi_n(T)^*}_{M_n(B)} = \normn{\phi_n(T)}_{M_n(B)}^2
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\end{align*}
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and $\normn{\phi_n(T)}_{M_n(B)} \le \normn{\phi_n(1_{M_n(A)})}_{M_n(B)}$. Therefore $\norm{\phi}_{\text{cb}} \le \normn{\phi(1_A)}_B$.
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Now suppose that $\phi$ is an arbitrary completely positive map. Let $\psi \in S(A)$ be a state and $\eps > 0$, then $\phi + \eps 1_B\psi$ is also a completely positive map. In which case,
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\[
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\norm{\phi}_{\text{cb}} \le \inf_{\eps > 0}\norm{\phi + \eps1_B\psi}_{\text{cb}} \le \inf_{\eps > 0}\norm{\phi(1_A) + \eps 1_B}_B = \norm{\phi(1_A)}_B
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\]
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\end{proof}
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\begin{proposition}
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\label{proposition:unital-2-positive-contractive}
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