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Bokuan Li
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\section{The Projection Lattice}
\label{section:vn-projection-lattice}
\begin{definition}[Projection Lattice]
\label{definition:vn-projection-lattice}
Let $H$ be a complex Hilbert space and $A \subset B(H)$ be a von Neumann algebra, then the set of all projections $\text{Proj}(A)$ in $A$ is the \textbf{projection lattice} of $A$.
\end{definition}
\begin{proposition}
\label{proposition:vn-projection-lattice-complete}
Let $H$ be a complex Hilbert space and $A \subset B(H)$ be a von Neumann algebra, then $\text{Proj}(A)$ is order complete.
\end{proposition}
\begin{proof}
By \autoref{theorem:existence-of-projections-vna}.
\end{proof}
\begin{definition}[Murray-von Neumann Equivalent]
\label{definition:murrey-von-neuman-equivalent}
Let $H$ be a complex Hilbert space, $A \subset B(H)$ be a von Neumann algebra, and $P, Q \in \text{Proj}(A)$, then the following are equivalent:
\begin{enumerate}
\item There exists $V \in A$ such that $P = V^*V$ and $Q = VV^*$.
\item There exists a partial isometry $V \in A$ from $P(H)$ to $Q(H)$.
\end{enumerate}
If the above holds, then $P$ and $Q$ are \textbf{Murrey-von Neumann equivalent}, denoted $P \sim Q$. The relation $\sim$ is an equivalence relation on $\text{Proj}(A)$.
\end{definition}
\begin{proof}
(1) $\Rightarrow$ (2): Let $V \in A$ with $P = V^*V$ and $Q = VV^*$. By \autoref{proposition:partial-isometry-characterisation}, $V$ is a partial isometry with initial space $\ker(P)^\perp$, and $V^*$ is a partial isometry with initial space $\ker(Q)^\perp$. Therefore $V$ is a partial isometry from $P(H)$ to $Q(H)$.
(2) $\Rightarrow$ (1): By \autoref{proposition:partial-isometry-characterisation}, $P = V^*V$ is a projection onto $\ker(V)^\perp$, and $Q = VV^*$ is a projection onto $\ker(V^*)^\perp = V(H)$.
\end{proof}
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\label{corollary:commutative-von-neumann-linfty}
Let $H$ be a complex Hilbert space and $A \subset B(H)$ be a commutative von Neumann algebra with $I \in A$, then:
\begin{enumerate}
\item There exists a LCH space $\Omega$ and a decomposable Radon measure $\mu$ on $\Omega$ such that $A$ is *-isomorphic to $L^\infty(\Omega; \complex)$.
\item There exists a LCH space $\Omega$ and a decomposable Radon measure $\mu$ on $\Omega$ such that $A$ is *-isomorphic to $L^\infty(\mu; \complex)$.
\item If $A$ admits a cyclic vector, then $\Omega$ may be taken to be compact.
\item If $H$ is separable, then $\Omega$ may be taken to be compact.
\end{enumerate}
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@
(2): By \hyperref[Spectral Theorem II]{theorem:spectral-theorem-vn-2}, there exists a single positive Radon measure $\mu \in \mathscr{E}$ on $\Omega(A)$ such that $\mathscr{E}$ is absolutely continuous with respect to it. Therefore the index set in (1) can be taken to be a singleton.
(3): If $H$ is separable, then so is $\mathscr{E}$. As such, there exists a single positive Radon measure on $\mu \in \mathscr{E}$ on $\Omega(A)$ such that $\mathscr{E}$ is absolutely continuous with respect to it. Therefore the index set in (1) can be taken to be a singleton.
(3): If $H$ is separable, then so is $\mathscr{E}$. As such, there exists a single positive Radon measure $\mu \in \mathscr{E}$ on $\Omega(A)$ such that $\mathscr{E}$ is absolutely continuous with respect to it. Therefore the index set in (1) can be taken to be a singleton.
\end{proof}