Replaced references to upward-directed families with ideals.
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@@ -3,18 +3,23 @@
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\begin{proposition}
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\label{proposition:lc-spaces-linear-map}
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Let $T$ be a set, $E$ be a locally convex space defined by the seminorms $\seqi{[\cdot]}$, and $\mathfrak{S} \subset 2^T$ be an upward-directed family. For each $i \in I$ and $S \in \mathfrak{S}$, let
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Let $T$ be a set, $\sigma \subset 2^T$ be an ideal, and $E$ be a locally convex space over $K$. For each $S \in \sigma$ and continuous seminorm $\rho: E \to [0, \infty)$, let
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\[
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[\cdot]_{S, i}: E^T \to [0, \infty) \quad f \mapsto \sup_{x \in S}[f(x)]_{S, i}
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\rho_S: E^T \to [0, \infty] \quad f \mapsto \sup_{x \in S}\rho(f(x))
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\]
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then the $\mathfrak{S}$-uniform topology on $E^T$ is defined by the seminorms
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then the the $\sigma$-uniform topology on $E^T$ is defined by distances of the form
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\[
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\bracs{[\cdot]_{S, i}|S \in \mathfrak{S}, i \in I}
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d_{S, \rho}: E^T \times E^T \to [0, \infty] \quad (f, g) \mapsto \rho_S(f - g)
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\]
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and hence locally convex.
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In particular, if $\cf \subset E^T$ is a subspace such that
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item[(B)] For each $f \in \cf$ and $S \in \sigma$, $f(S) \subset E$ is bounded.
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\end{enumerate}
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then the $\sigma$-uniform topology on $\cf$ is induced by seminorms of the form $\rho_S$, where $\rho$ is a continuous seminorm on $E$, and $S \in \sigma$. In which case, the $\sigma$-uniform topology on $\cf$ is locally convex.
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\end{proposition}
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\begin{proof}
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By \autoref{proposition:set-uniform-pseudometric}.
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By \autoref{proposition:tvs-set-uniformity} and \autoref{proposition:set-uniform-pseudometric}.
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\end{proof}
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@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
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\begin{proposition}[{{\cite[III.3.1]{SchaeferWolff}}}]
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\label{proposition:tvs-set-uniformity}
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Let $T$ be a set, $\mathfrak{S} \subset 2^T$ be an upward-directed system of sets, $F$ be a TVS over $K \in \RC$, then
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Let $T$ be a set, $\sigma \subset 2^T$ be an ideal, and $F$ be a TVS over $K \in \RC$, then
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item The $\mathfrak{S}$-uniformity on $F^T$ (\autoref{definition:set-uniform}) is translation invariant.
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\item The \hyperref[$\sigma$-uniformity]{definition:set-uniform} on $F^T$ is translation invariant.
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\item The composition defined by
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\[
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T^F \times T^F \to T^F \quad (f + g)(x) = f(x) + g(x)
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@@ -13,20 +13,21 @@
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is continuous.
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\end{enumerate}
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For any vector subspace $\cf \subset F^T$, the following are equivalent:
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item[(3)] The $\mathfrak{S}$-uniform topology on $\cf \subset F^E$ is a vector space topology.
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\item[(4)] For each $S \in \mathfrak{S}$ and $f \in \cf$, $f(S) \subset E$ is bounded.
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\item[(T)] The $\sigma$-uniform topology on $\cf \subset F^E$ is a vector space topology.
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\item[(B)] For each $f \in \cf$ and $S \in \sigma$, $f(S) \subset E$ is bounded.
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\end{enumerate}
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\end{proposition}
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\begin{proof}
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(1): Let $U \subset F \times F$ be an entourage and $S \in \mathfrak{S}$. Using \autoref{proposition:tvs-uniform}, assume without loss of generality that $U$ is translation-invariant. For any $(f, g) \in E(S, U)$, $h \in F^T$, and $x \in S$, $(f(x) + h(x), g(x) + h(x)) \in U$. Thus $(f + h, g + h) \in E(S, U)$ and $E(S, U)$ is translation-invariant.
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(1): Let $U \subset F \times F$ be an entourage and $S \in \sigma$. Using \autoref{proposition:tvs-uniform}, assume without loss of generality that $U$ is translation-invariant. For any $(f, g) \in E(S, U)$, $h \in F^T$, and $x \in S$, $(f(x) + h(x), g(x) + h(x)) \in U$. Thus $(f + h, g + h) \in E(S, U)$ and $E(S, U)$ is translation-invariant.
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(2): Let $f, g, f', g' \in \cf$, $S \in \mathfrak{S}$, and $U \subset F \times F$ be an entourage. By (TVS1), there exists an entourage $V \subset F \times F$ such that for any $x, x', y, y' \in F$ with $(x, x'), (y, y') \in V$, $(x + y, x' + y') \in U$. If $(f, g), (f', g') \in E(S, V) \cap \cf$, then for any $x \in S$, $(f(x) + g(x), f'(x) + g'(x)) \in U$, so $(f + g, f' + g') \in E(S, U) \cap \cf$.
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(2): Let $f, g, f', g' \in \cf$, $S \in \sigma$, and $U \subset F \times F$ be an entourage. By (TVS1), there exists an entourage $V \subset F \times F$ such that for any $x, x', y, y' \in F$ with $(x, x'), (y, y') \in V$, $(x + y, x' + y') \in U$. If $(f, g), (f', g') \in E(S, V) \cap \cf$, then for any $x \in S$, $(f(x) + g(x), f'(x) + g'(x)) \in U$, so $(f + g, f' + g') \in E(S, U) \cap \cf$.
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(3) $\Rightarrow$ (4): Let $f \in \cf$, $S \in \mathfrak{S}$ and $U \subset F \times F$ be a symmetric entourage, then $E(S, U)(0)$ is a neighbourhood of $0$ with respect to the $\mathfrak{S}$-uniform topology. By (TVS2), there exists $\lambda > 0$ such that $f \in \lambda E(S, U)(0)$. In which case, for any $x \in S$, $\lambda^{-1}f(x) \in U(0)$ and $f(x) \in \lambda U(0)$. Thus $f(S) \subset \lambda U(0)$, and $f(S)$ is bounded.
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(T) $\Rightarrow$ (B): Let $f \in \cf$, $S \in \sigma$ and $U \subset F \times F$ be a symmetric entourage, then $E(S, U)(0)$ is a neighbourhood of $0$ with respect to the $\sigma$-uniform topology. By (TVS2), there exists $\lambda > 0$ such that $f \in \lambda E(S, U)(0)$. In which case, for any $x \in S$, $\lambda^{-1}f(x) \in U(0)$ and $f(x) \in \lambda U(0)$. Thus $f(S) \subset \lambda U(0)$, and $f(S)$ is bounded.
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(4) $\Rightarrow$ (3): Let $f, g \in \cf$, $\lambda, \lambda' \in K$, and $S \in \mathfrak{S}$, then for any $x \in X$,
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(T) $\Rightarrow$ (B): Let $f, g \in \cf$, $\lambda, \lambda' \in K$, and $S \in \sigma$, then for any $x \in X$,
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\begin{align*}
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\lambda f(x) - \lambda' g(x) &= \lambda f(x) - \lambda' f(x) + \lambda' f(x) - \lambda' g(x) \\
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&= (\lambda - \lambda')f(x) + \lambda' (f(x) - g(x))
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@@ -83,18 +84,18 @@
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\begin{definition}[Space of Bounded Linear Maps]
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\label{definition:bounded-linear-map-space}
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Let $E, F$ be TVSs over $K \in \RC$, $\mathfrak{S} \subset 2^E$ be an upward-directed system, and $k \in \nat$. The space $B_{\mathfrak{S}}^k(E; F)$ is the set of all $k$-linear maps $T: E^k \to F$ with $T(S^k) \in B(F)$ for all $S \in \mathfrak{S}$, equipped with the $\bracsn{S^k| S \in \mathfrak{S}}$-uniform topology.
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Let $E, F$ be TVSs over $K \in \RC$, $\sigma \subset 2^E$ be an ideal, and $k \in \nat$. The space $B_{\sigma}^k(E; F)$ is the set of all $k$-linear maps $T: E^k \to F$ with $T(S^k) \in B(F)$ for all $S \in \sigma$, equipped with the $\bracsn{S^k| S \in \sigma}$-uniform topology.
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Let $\fB \subset 2^E$ be the collection of all bounded subsets of $E$, then $B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F) = B(E; F)$ is the \textbf{space of bounded linear maps} from $E$ to $F$.
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Let $\fB \subset 2^E$ be the collection of all bounded subsets of $E$, then $B_{\sigma}(E; F) = B(E; F)$ is the \textbf{space of bounded linear maps} from $E$ to $F$.
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\end{definition}
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\begin{proposition}
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\label{proposition:multilinear-identify}
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Let $E, F$ be TVSs over $K \in \RC$, $\mathfrak{S} \subset 2^E$ be an upward-directed system that contains all singletons, and $k \in \natp$, then
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Let $E, F$ be TVSs over $K \in \RC$, $\sigma \subset 2^E$ be a covering ideal, and $k \in \natp$, then
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\begin{enumerate}
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\item The map
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\[
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I: B_{\mathfrak{S}}^k(E; B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F)) \to B^{k+1}_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F)
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I: B_{\sigma}^k(E; B_{\sigma}(E; F)) \to B^{k+1}_{\sigma}(E; F)
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\]
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defined by
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@@ -105,7 +106,7 @@
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is an isomorphism.
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\item The map
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\[
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I: \underbrace{B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; \cdots)))}_{k \text{ times}} \to B^k_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F)
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I: \underbrace{B_{\sigma}(E; B_{\sigma}(E; \cdots)))}_{k \text{ times}} \to B^k_{\sigma}(E; F)
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\]
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defined by
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@@ -117,33 +118,33 @@
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\end{enumerate}
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which allows the identification
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\[
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\underbrace{B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; \cdots)))}_{k \text{ times}} = B^k_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F)
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\underbrace{B_{\sigma}(E; B_{\sigma}(E; \cdots)))}_{k \text{ times}} = B^k_{\sigma}(E; F)
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\]
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under the map $I$ in (2).
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\end{proposition}
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\begin{proof}
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(1): To see that $I$ is surjective, let $T \in B_{\mathfrak{S}}^{k+1}(E; F)$ and
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(1): To see that $I$ is surjective, let $T \in B_{\sigma}^{k+1}(E; F)$ and
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\[
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I^{-1}T: E \to B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F) \quad x \mapsto T(x, \cdot)
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I^{-1}T: E \to B_{\sigma}(E; F) \quad x \mapsto T(x, \cdot)
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\]
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Let $(x_1, \cdots, x_k) \in E^k$ and $S \in \mathfrak{S}$. Since $\mathfrak{S}$ is upward-directed and contains all singletons, assume without loss of generality that $\bracsn{x_j}_1^k \subset S$. In which case,
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Let $(x_1, \cdots, x_k) \in E^k$ and $S \in \sigma$. Since $\sigma$ is a covering ideal, assume without loss of generality that $\bracsn{x_j}_1^k \subset S$. In which case,
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\[
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T(x_1, \cdots, x_k, S) \subset T(S^{k+1}) \in B(F)
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\]
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by assumption. Thus $I^{-1}T(x_1, \cdots, x_k) \in B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F)$.
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by assumption. Thus $I^{-1}T(x_1, \cdots, x_k) \in B_{\sigma}(E; F)$.
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In addition, for any $S_1 \in \mathfrak{S}$ and entourage $E(S_2, U)$ of $B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F)$ where $S_2 \in \mathfrak{S}$ and $U$ is an entourage of $F$, there exists $S \in \mathfrak{S}$ with $S \supset S_1 \cup S_2$. Given that $T(S^{k+1}) \in B(F)$, there exists $\lambda > 0$ such that $T(S^{k+1}) \subset \lambda U(0)$. In which case, $I^{-1}T(S^k) \subset \lambda E(S, U)(0)$ and $I^{-1}T(S^k) \in B(B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F))$. Thus $I^{-1}T \in B^k_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F))$.
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In addition, for any $S_1 \in \sigma$ and entourage $E(S_2, U)$ of $B_{\sigma}(E; F)$ where $S_2 \in \sigma$ and $U$ is an entourage of $F$, there exists $S \in \sigma$ with $S \supset S_1 \cup S_2$. Given that $T(S^{k+1}) \in B(F)$, there exists $\lambda > 0$ such that $T(S^{k+1}) \subset \lambda U(0)$. In which case, $I^{-1}T(S^k) \subset \lambda E(S, U)(0)$ and $I^{-1}T(S^k) \in B(B_{\sigma}(E; F))$. Thus $I^{-1}T \in B^k_{\sigma}(E; B_{\sigma}(E; F))$.
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It remains to show that $I$ and $I^{-1}$ is continuous. To this end, let $S \in \mathfrak{S}$ and $U$ be an entourage of $F$, then for any $T \in E(S^k, E(S, U))(0)$, $IT \in E(S^{k+1}, U)(0)$, so $I$ is continuous.
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It remains to show that $I$ and $I^{-1}$ is continuous. To this end, let $S \in \sigma$ and $U$ be an entourage of $F$, then for any $T \in E(S^k, E(S, U))(0)$, $IT \in E(S^{k+1}, U)(0)$, so $I$ is continuous.
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On the other hand, let $S_1 \in \mathfrak{S}$ and $E(S_2, U)$ be an entourage of $B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F)$ where $S_2 \in \mathfrak{S}$ and $U$ is an entourage of $F$. Let $S \in \mathfrak{S}$ with $S \supset S_1 \cup S_2$, then for any $T \in E(S^{k+1}, U)(0)$, $I^{-1}T \in E(S^{k}, E(S, U))(0)$. Thus $I^{-1}$ is continuous as well.
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On the other hand, let $S_1 \in \sigma$ and $E(S_2, U)$ be an entourage of $B_{\sigma}(E; F)$ where $S_2 \in \sigma$ and $U$ is an entourage of $F$. Let $S \in \sigma$ with $S \supset S_1 \cup S_2$, then for any $T \in E(S^{k+1}, U)(0)$, $I^{-1}T \in E(S^{k}, E(S, U))(0)$. Thus $I^{-1}$ is continuous as well.
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(2): The case for $k = 2$ is given by (1). If the proposition holds for $k \in \natp$, then
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\[
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\underbrace{B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; \cdots)))}_{k+1 \text{ times}} = B^k_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; B_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F)) = B^{k+1}_{\mathfrak{S}}(E; F)
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\underbrace{B_{\sigma}(E; B_{\sigma}(E; \cdots)))}_{k+1 \text{ times}} = B^k_{\sigma}(E; B_{\sigma}(E; F)) = B^{k+1}_{\sigma}(E; F)
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\]
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Thus (2) holds for all $k \in \natp$.
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